Txawm hais tias qhov tsos tsis yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv cov tshuaj textile, nws yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas sai thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej thaum tsim khoom thiab siv. Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ua ntej ua ntej yog zoo sib xws nrog lawv cov khoom xyaw, txheej txheem kev npaj, thiab daim ntawv thov scenario. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam yam xws li xim, pob tshab, viscosity, thiab dispersion, lawv stability, compatibility, thiab siv tej yam kev mob yuav raug kwv yees rau qee yam, muab cov ntaub ntawv siv rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem.
Feem ntau cov khoom siv ua ntej ua ntej yog nyob rau hauv cov kua dej ntawm chav tsev kub, uas ua raws li lawv qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ntub dej, nkag mus, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv lub cev aqueous. Daim ntawv ua kua ua kom yooj yim rau kev ntsuas, kev thauj mus los, thiab daim ntawv thov tsis sib xws, thiab tseem tso cai rau kev sib xyaw sai nrog lwm cov koom haum lossis cov txheej txheem dej. Hais txog xim, feem ntau pretreatment agents tsis muaj xim rau daj daj pob tshab los yog semi-pob tshab kua, stemming los ntawm lawv lub ntsiab Cheebtsam yog dej-soluble surfactants, enzyme npaj, los yog complex systems ntawm tsawg- xim inorganic ntsev thiab organic acids. Yog tias pom tseeb yellowish -xim av, turbidity, los yog tshem tawm hais tias tshwm sim, nws yuav qhia tau hais tias raw khoom oxidation, microbial loj hlob, los yog tsis zoo dispersion. Lim los yog rov- qauv tsim nyog ua ntej siv los tiv thaiv nozzle clogging los yog cuam tshuam qhov sib xws ntawm kev ua.
Viscosity yog lwm yam tseem ceeb tsos yam ntxwv. Cov tshuaj ua ntej ua ntej, feem ntau yog dej-raws li, muaj viscosity ze rau hauv dej los yog hauv kaum millipascals ib thib ob, nthuav tawm cov dej ntws zoo thiab ua kom yooj yim faib cov padding, dej ntws, lossis cov khoom siv tshuaj tsuag. Qee cov tshuaj ua ntej ua ntej uas muaj cov polymers lossis cov thickeners tuaj yeem muaj cov viscosity nce ntxiv kom ntev lub sijhawm nyob ntawm qhov chaw fiber ntau thiab txhim kho impurity tshem tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov viscosity yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tso cai ntau yam kom tsis txhob muaj daim ntawv thov tsis sib xws lossis cov khoom seem ntxiv vim tsis txaus txaus.
Nyob rau hauv qhov zoo li qub lossis qis- qhov kub thiab txias, qee cov tshuaj ua ntej tuaj yeem pom me ntsis stratification lossis crystal nag, feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm solubility lossis kub rhiab heev. High- cov khoom zoo yuav tsum nyob twj ywm homogeneous thiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov chaw cia khoom kub, yam tsis pom kev sib cais los yog nag lossis daus. me ntsis stratification, yog sai sai rov qab mus rau homogeneity tom qab nplawm, feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo; Txawm li cas los xij, rov ua dua stratification yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke lossis kev cia khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, qis- cov neeg ua npuas dej ua ntej ua npuas dej tsawg dua thaum nplawm lossis thov; Cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov pom no qhia tsis tau tsuas yog lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm defoaming xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog kev ntxuav tom ntej.
Feem ntau, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv ua ntej kev kho mob muaj xws li morphology, xim, pob tshab, viscosity, thiab dispersion stability. Cov no tsis yog tsuas yog cov cim qhia tau zoo xwb tab sis kuj tseem yog cov ntsuas ntsuas kev ntsuas rau kev txiav txim siab lawv qhov tsim nyog thiab ruaj khov. Kev soj ntsuam thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv, kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ua ntej thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
