Amino surfactants, cov tshuaj ua haujlwm uas muaj ob qho tib si hydrophilic thiab lipophilic zog, tau nce dav siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub, kev tu vaj tse, tshuaj, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab.Lawv kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua tiav. Cov qauv no tsis tsuas yog muab lub hauv paus rau kev tsim khoom, tshuaj xyuas, thiab daim ntawv thov tab sis kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom cov khoom zoo, tswj kev ua lag luam, thiab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntsuab.
Tam sim no, kev siv cov qauv rau cov amino surfactants feem ntau suav nrog kev faib khoom, kev xav tau, kev sim, kev soj ntsuam xyuas, thiab daim ntawv lo, ntim, thauj, thiab khaws cia. Cov qauv no, raws li cov khoom siv (piv txwv li, kua, khoom, hmoov) thiab daim ntawv thov, qhia meej meej cov ntsiab lus xws li cov khoom xyaw nquag, pH tus nqi, cov ntsiab lus noo noo, cov hmoov tshauv, xim, foaming zog, nto nro, ntsev, thiab hnyav hlau txwv. Piv txwv li, hauv daim ntawv thov kev saib xyuas tus kheej uas muaj kev sib cuag nrog tib neeg, cov qauv feem ntau suav nrog kev sim rau cov tawv nqaij khaus, khaus qhov muag, thiab cov kab mob microbial kom muaj kev nyab xeeb; Thaum nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, qhov tseem ceeb yog muab tso rau hauv dej tsis kam, kub tsis kam, thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav.
Thoob ntiaj teb, cov kev cai dav dav thiab cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm cov koom haum tsim qauv muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev sib pauv thev naus laus zis. Piv txwv li, kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov dej num saum npoo feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb lees paub los yog phaj txheej txheem rau kev ntsuas qhov nro, thiab tseem muaj cov txheej txheem paub tab rau kev kuaj ua npuas qhov siab thiab ua npuas ncauj ruaj khov. Hauv tsev, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, kos duab ntawm kev paub thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev sib txuas nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv zos thiab cov cwj pwm ntawm daim ntawv thov, tau tsim ntau cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev sim, ntxiv dag zog rau kev tswj xyuas zoo thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem los ntawm raw khoom mus rau cov khoom tiav.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias nrog kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab ntsuab thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov, cov qauv siv tau maj mam suav nrog cov ntsiab lus ecological thiab kev nyab xeeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kev xav tau yog teem rau biodegradability, ib puag ncig toxicity, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob thiab emission txwv thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, coj cov tuam txhab lag luam los txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv raw. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kev txwv nruj nruj tau teeb tsa rau cov khoom siv phom sij uas tuaj yeem txav tau (xws li cov amine residues tshwj xeeb thiab ua kom muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab amines) los tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo. Cov kev hloov kho tshiab no ua rau cov qauv tsis yog qhov zoo xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev lav phib xaub rau kev lag luam qis - carbon thiab kev hloov pauv tsis zoo.
Thaum siv cov qauv, cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm kev ua raws li R&D, kev tsim khoom, kev tshuaj xyuas zoo, thiab tom qab - kev muag khoom. Kev soj ntsuam tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom tiav tawm tsam tag nrho lossis qee qhov ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb raws li cov qauv tso cai rau kev tshawb pom raws sij hawm ntawm kev sib txawv thiab kev kho kom raug, tiv thaiv daim ntawv thov ua tsis tiav lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev hloov pauv zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev kawm paub zoo thiab kev ntsuam xyuas qhov cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem thiab cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau ua thaum cov qauv hloov kho lossis ntxiv kom ntseeg tau ua raws li txuas ntxiv.
Cov cai tswj hwm thiab cov koom haum kev lag luam ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua raws li tus qauv, suav nrog kev teeb tsa kev cob qhia thiab kev tshaj tawm, ua qhov chaw kuaj xyuas, tshaj tawm cov lus ceeb toom txog kev pheej hmoo, thiab txhawb nqa kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb. Ntau-kev sib koom ua ke pab txhawb kev tswj hwm tus qauv thiab txo cov kev pheej hmoo zoo los ntawm kev nkag siab yuam kev lossis kev siv tsis txaus.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov qauv rau cov amino surfactants ua tus choj ntawm kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev lag luam daim ntawv thov, ua kom cov khoom ua tau zoo thiab cov hauv paus kev nyab xeeb thaum muab txoj hauv kev meej rau kev lag luam ntsuab thiab siab - kev txhim kho zoo. Kev txhim kho tsis tu ncua thiab nruj tswj hwm tus txheej txheem yuav pab txhim kho kev lag luam kev sib tw thiab txhawb nqa pawg no mus rau txoj haujlwm zoo dua hauv ntiaj teb cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo.
